Comparative evaluation of autumn and spring application herbicides in winter wheat crops in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of Ukraine

I.  Storchous

doi:10.36495/1606-9773.2019.65.175-190

I. Storchous Institute of Plant Protection of NAAS of Ukraine, Vasylkivska st., 33, Kyiv, Ukraine, 03022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.36495/1606-9773.2019.65.175-190

Keywords: winter wheat, weeds, herbicides, rate of application, timing of application

Abstract

Goal. Justification for autumn and spring application of herbicides in crops of winter wheat in conditions of Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine.

Methods. Observation, analysis and synthesis in conjunction with special methods. Special methods: field — for evaluation of the properties of weeds to reproduce and regenerate, the study of ontogenesis and morphogenesis, depending on various factors; quantity and weight — to determine the level of contamination of sowing, growth parameters and development of plants, productivity and elements of structure; mathematically-statistical — to determine the reliability of the results.

Results. The level of technical efficiency of herbicides and derivatives aromatic amines and sulfonylureas. Improved control segetal vegetation and identifies the effective period for the application of herbicides in crops of winter wheat with the aim of ensuring high crop yield. Studies have confirmed that the timely and maximum destruction of weeds in crops of winter wheat contributed to better growth and development of plants in culture, which showed its competitiveness to counter the negative impacts segetal vegetation throughout the growing season.

Conclusions. The optimal timing for herbicide application in the autumn in crops of winter wheat is the phenological phase of development of the culture of the 1—2 leaf, the rate of consumption of sulfonylureas: Marafon KC — 4.0 l/ha was Grodil Maxi OD, and.d. — 0,11 l/ha, Granstar gold 75, v.g. — 0,035 kg/ha, Starane Premium 330 EC, k.e. — 0.5 l/ha. During the autumn application of technical efficiency of 100% had the variant with the application of herbicide Granstar gold 75, VG with a dose rate of 0.035 kg/ha. With the herbicide in the spring, the optimal time was the phenological phase of cultural development — tillering. Technical efficiency of the medicines when spring application in all variants amounted to 90—100%.

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