Trichoderma fungi for the protection of greenhouse crops against oomycete Pythium sp.

T. Scerbacova

doi:10.36495/PHSS.2023.69.292-300

T. Scerbacova State University of Moldova, Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Chisinau, 2002, 20, Paduriy str., Chisinau https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2632-325X

DOI: https://doi.org/10.36495/PHSS.2023.69.292-300

Keywords: Pythium sp, Trichoderma spp, pathogen, strain, antagonistic activity, dual culture

Abstract

Goal. To identify a highly virulent fungus Trichoderma Pers. ex Fr. to protect greenhouse crops from the pathogen Pythium sp.

Methods. The objects of research were strains/isolates of Trichoderma sp. from the working collection of the laboratory. The pathogen Pythium sp. was isolated from mineral wool used in a hydroponic greenhouse. The pathogenicity of Pythium sp. was determined by infecting cucumber seedlings in a humid chamber at 24°C. To select active strains of Trichoderma against Pythium sp., their antagonistic activity was studied by the method of double cultures. On day 10, the inhibition rate of fungi by each other (%) was determined.

Results. When determining the pathogenicity of the isolate Pythium sp. against cucumber seedlings on day 4, 100% death of all sprouts occurred. When studying the antagonism of Trichoderma and Pythium sp. fungi, a high growth rate of oomycete was observed in the control. In 50 h after sowing, the pathogen colonized the entire agar plate. However, in double cultures, Trichoderma fungi inhibited the growth of oomycete. On day 10, 4 strains: T. lignorum (syn. T. viride) CNMN-FD-14, T. asperellum, T. koningii and Trichoderma sp. 1K colonized the pathogen with an inhibition rate of 100%. Other Trichoderma fungi inhibited the pathogen by 83.5—94.1%.

Conclusions. Trichoderma strains with high inhibitory activity can be used as a producer of a biological product for the protection of greenhouse crops from Pythium sp. oomycete.

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