Weeds in the vineyards of the Odesa region

Yu. Klechkovskyi; N. Mohyliuk; K. Shmatkovska

doi:10.36495/PHSS.2025.71.77-89

Yu. Klechkovskyi Quarantine Station of grape and fruit cultures of Institute of Plant Protection of the NAAS, 49, Fountain Road str., Odesa, 65049, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4404-5553
N. Mohyliuk Quarantine Station of grape and fruit cultures of Institute of Plant Protection of the NAAS, 49, Fountain Road str., Odesa, 65049, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6574-0905
K. Shmatkovska Quarantine Station of grape and fruit cultures of Institute of Plant Protection of the NAAS, 49, Fountain Road str., Odesa, 65049, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3884-7595

DOI: https://doi.org/10.36495/PHSS.2025.71.77-89

Keywords: phytosanitary monitoring, vineyard plantations, weeds, species composition, control measures

Abstract

Goal. To clarify the characteristics of weed infestation in industrial vineyards of the Odesa region and to improve their weed control system.

Methods. A route survey was used to determine the species composition of weeds; a quantitative weight-based method was applied to assess the biometric indicators of weed growth and development; a comparative calculation method was used to establish the effectiveness of herbicide application; and a statistical method was employed to evaluate the reliability of the obtained results.

Results. During phytosanitary surveys of industrial vineyards in the Odesa region conducted from 2022 to 2024, 59 weed species belonging to 24 botanical families were identified. The greatest species diversity was recorded among the Asteraceae and Poaceae families. Among perennial weeds, the dominant species were couch grass (Agropyrum repens L.), field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.), and creeping thistle (Cirsium arvense L.), while among annuals the most prevalent were redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.), common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.), and green foxtail (Setaria viridis L.). The study established the dynamics of weed density, biomass accumulation, and height growth. The most intensive seed germination occurred from early May to mid-June. Field trials on herbicide efficiency showed that Roundup Max (isopropylamine salt of glyphosate, 607 g/L) at a rate of 6.0 L/ha provided up to 100.0% control of annual weeds and 98.1—100.0% of perennial weeds one month after application. The addition of Trend 90 (90% heptamethyltrisiloxane ethoxylate) allowed reducing the herbicide rate without loss of efficacy. Contact herbicides such as Reglone Forte 200 SL (diquat ion as diquat dibromide, 200 g/L) and Basta 150 SL (ammonium glufosinate, 150 g/L) were highly effective against annual weeds but required two applications for effective control of perennial species.

Conclusions. Phytosanitary monitoring of industrial vineyards in the Odesa region from 2022 to 2024 revealed high weed species diversity — 59 species from 24 families, with Asteraceae and Poaceae being the most represented. The study identified patterns of seed germination, biomass accumulation, and weed growth, which makes it possible to determine critical periods of their development for protection strategies. The effectiveness of various herbicides and optimal application rates was also determined for the control of both annual and perennial weeds.

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Weeds in the vineyards of the Odesa region

Abstract

References

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